https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2022.2095
Exploring diatom diversity through cultures - a case study from the Bow River, Canada
Submitted: 26 September 2022
Accepted: 18 November 2022
Published: 6 December 2022
Accepted: 18 November 2022
Abstract Views: 3520
PDF: 356
HTML: 11
HTML: 11
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Diatom cultures can help answer taxonomic, biogeographic and ecological questions on a local and global scale. Unialgal cultures are derived from a single cell and provide abundant material for morphological and molecular analyses. The link between the historic morphological species concept and the molecular data is becoming increasingly important with the use of eDNA metabarcoding. Additionally, cultures provide insights into the life cycle of diatoms and thereby complement taxonomy and species ecology. In this study, we present an approach to extract benthic diatoms from an environmental sample to generate unialgal cultures. We explored diatom diversity in preserved assemblages and by culturing as many different taxa as possible from benthic freshwater samples taken on the same day from the Bow River in Calgary, Canada. With both methods we found a total of 221 different benthic diatom taxa, of which 182 were identified in the preserved diatom assemblages. Interestingly, an additional 39 taxa only appeared in the cultures. In total 129 strains were cultivated representing 71 different taxa. This study includes pictures of living cells demonstrating the additional merits of unialgal cultures, as they provide information on plastid details, auxospores and endosymbionts. Both, the identification of the diatom assemblages and the generation and identification of strains provide the foundation for additional water quality assessment tools, taxonomic insights and molecular references libraries.
Abarca N, Jahn R, Zimmermann J, Enke N, 2014. Does the cosmopolitan diatom Gomphonema parvulum (Kützing) Kützing have a biogeography? PLoS One 9:e86885.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086885
Abarca N, Zimmermann J, Kusber WH, Mora D, Van AT, Skibbe O, Jahn R, 2020. Defining the core group of the genus Gomphonema Ehrenberg with molecular and morphological methods. Bot. Lett. 167:114-159.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2019.1694980
Andersen RA, 2005. Algal culturing techniques. Academic Press: 578 pp.
Ashworth MP, Morris JJ, 2016. Axenic microalgal cultures overlook the complexity of the phycosphere marketplace. Perspect. Phycol. 107-111.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/pip/2016/0051
Ashworth M, Majewska R, Frankovich TA, Sullivan M, Bosak S, Filek K, Van de Vijver B, Arendt M, Schwenter J, Nel R, Robinson NJ, Gary MP, Theriot EC, Stacy NI, Lam DW, Perrault JR, Manire CA, Manning SR, 2022. Culturing putatively obligate epizoic diatoms: Insights for the evolution and ecology of diatoms and their host. Sci. Rep.12:15116.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19064-0
Bahls LL, 2019. Diatoms from Western North America. 2. Cymbellafalsa, Cymbopleura and Delicatophycus (Bacillariophyta) - Taxonomy, Ecology, Biogeography. The Montana Diatom Collection, Helena: 114 pp.
Bahls L, Boynton B, Johnston B, 2018. Atlas of diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from diverse habitats in remote regions of western Canada. PhytoKeys 105:1-186.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys..23806.plate105
Bennett JR, Sisson DR, Smol JP, Cumming BF, Possingham HP, Buckley YM, 2014. Optimizing taxonomic resolution and sampling effort to design cost‐effective ecological models for environmental assessment. J. Appl. Phycol. 51:1722-1732.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12312
Bilcke G, Osuna-Cruz CM, Santana Silva M, Poulsen N, D’hondt S, Bulankova P, Vyverman W, De Veylder L, Vandepoele K, 2021. Diurnal transcript profiling of the diatom Seminavis robusta reveals adaptations to a benthic lifestyle. Plant J. 107:315-336.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15291
Bold HC, 1942. The cultivation of algae. Bot. Rev. 8:69−138.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02879474
Borrego-Ramos M, Bécares E, García P, Nistal A., Blanco S, 2021. Epiphytic diatom-based biomonitoring in Mediterranean ponds: Traditional microscopy versus metabarcoding approaches. Water 13:1351.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101351
Bruder K, Sato S, Medlin L, 2008. Morphological and molecular investigations of naviculoid diatoms IV. Pinnularia vs. Caloneis. Diatom 24:8-24.
Cantonati M, Lange-Bertalot H, Angeli N, 2010. Neidiomorpha gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta): A new freshwater diatom genus separated from Neidium Pfitzer. Bot. Stud. 51:195-202.
Capo E, Giguet-Covex C, Rouillard A, Nota K, Heintzman PD, Vuillemin A, et al., 2021. Lake sedimentary DNA research on past terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity: Overview and recommendations. Quaternary 4:6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/quat4010006
Charles DF, Kelly MG, Stevenson RJ, Poikane S, Theroux S, Zgrundo A, Cantonati M, 2021. Benthic algae assessments in the EU and the US: Striving for consistency in the face of great ecological diversity. Ecol. Indic. 121:107082.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107082
Chen M, Wang WX, 2008. Accelerated uptake by phytoplankton of iron bound to humic acids. Aquat. Biol. 3:155−166.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00064
Chung C, 2013. Diel oxygen cycles in the Bow River: Relationships to Calgary's urban nutrient footprint and periphyton and macrophyte biomass. M.Sc. Thesis. University of Calgary.
Çiftçi O, Alverson AJ, van Bodegom P, Roberts WR, Mertens A, Van de Vijver B, Trobajo R, Mann DG, Pirovano W, van Eijk I, Gravendeel B, 2022. Phylotranscriptomics reveals the reticulate evolutionary history of a widespread diatom species complex. J. Phycol. 58:643-656.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.13281
City of Calgary, 2021. Bow River Basin Council. Accessed 17 October 2021. The City of Calgary, Water Resources, Calgary. Available from: https://www.brbc.ab.ca/ecr/
Claquin P, Leynaert A, Sferratore A, Garnier J, Ragueneau O, 2006. Physiological ecology of diatoms along the river-sea continuum, p. 121-138. In: Ittekkot V, Unger D, Humborg C, An NT (eds.), The silicon cycle: human perturbations and impacts on aquatic systems. Island Press.
Council of the European Communities, 2000. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities 327:1-72.
Cox EJ, 1987. Placoneis Mereschkowsky: the re-evaluation of a diatom genus originally characterized by its chloroplast type. Diatom Res. 2:145–157.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1987.9704994
Cox EJ, 1988. Variation within the genus Pinnularia Ehrenb.: further evidence for the use of live material in diatom systematics? p. 437-447. In: Round FE (ed.), Proceedings of the Ninth International Diatom Symposium, Bristol, Biopress.
Cox EJ, 2009. What's in a name? – Diatom classification should reflect systematic relationships. Acta Bot. Croat. 68:443-454.
Cox EJ, Williams D, 2000. Systematics of naviculoid diatoms: The interrelationships of some taxa with a stauros. Eur. J. Phycol. 35:273-282.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09670260010001735871
Cox EJ, Williams D, 2006. Systematics of naviculoid diatoms (Bacillariophyta): A preliminary analysis of protoplast and frustule characters for family and order level classification. System. Biodiver. 4:385-399.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200006001940
Cox EJ, 2014. Diatom identification in the face of changing species concepts and evidence of phenotypic plasticity. J. Micropalaeontol. 33:111–120.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/jmpaleo2014-014
Culp JM, Hamilton HR, Sosiak AJ, Davies RW, 1992. Longitudinal zonation of the biota and water quality of the Bow River system in Alberta, Canada, p. 31−49. In: Becker CD, Neitzel DA (eds.), Water quality in North American River. Battelle Press, Columbus.
D'Alelio D, d'Alcala MR, Dubroca L, Zingone A, Montresor M, 2010. The time for sex: a biennial life cycle in a marine planktonic diatom. Limnol. Oceanogr. 55:106-114.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.1.0106
Daste P, Neuville D, Victor-Baptiste B, 1983. A simple procedure for obtaining clonal isolation of diatoms. Br. Phycol. J. 18:1−3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00071618300650011
DeYoe HR, Lowe RL, Marks JC, 1992. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the endosymbiont load of Rhopalodia gibba and Epithemia turgida (Bacillariophyceae). J. Phycol. 28:773-777.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00773.x
Dixon J, 2014. Calgary Watershed Report, A summary of surface water quality in the Bow and Elbow Watersheds, 2010. The City of Calgary, Calgary.
Dreßler M, Verweij G, Kistenich S, Kahlert M, Werner P, 2015. Applied use of taxonomy: lessons learned from the first German intercalibration exercise for benthic diatoms. Acta Bot. Croat. 74:211-232.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/botcro-2015-0017
Durbin EG, 1974. Studies on the autecology of the marine diatom Thalassiosira nordenskioldii Cleve. I. The influence of daylength, light intensity, and temperature on growth. J. Phycol. 10:220-225.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1974.00220.x
Drum RW, Pankratz S, 1965. Fine structure of an unusual cytoplasmic inclusion in the diatom genus Rhopalodia. Protoplasma 60:141-149.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01248136
English JD, Potapova MG, 2012. Ontogenetic and interspecific valve shape variation in the Pinnatae group of the genus Surirella and the description of S. lacrimula sp. nov. Diatom Res. 27:9-27.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2011.642950
Enache MD, Potapova M, 2012. A new species of Eucocconeis (Bacillariophyceae) from North America. Diatom Res. 27:75-80.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2012.663560
Floener L, Bothe H, 1980. Nitrogen fixation in Rhopalodia gibba, a diatom containing blue-greenish inclusions symbiotically, p. 541-552. In: Schwemmler W, Schenk HEA (eds.), Endocytobiology: Endosymbiosis and cell biology, a synthesis of recent research. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111385068-053
Geitler L, 1977. [Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Epithemiaceen Epithemia, Rhopalodia und Denticula (Diatomophyceae) und ihrer vermutlich symbiotischen Sphäroidkörper].[Article in German]. Plant Syst. Evol. 128:259-275.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984562
Geitler L, 1981. [Die Lage des Chromatophors in Beziehung zur Systematik von Cymbella-Arten (Bacillariophyceae)].[Article in German]. Plant Syst. Evol. 138:153-156.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984616
Gerke J, 2018. Concepts and misconceptions of humic substances as the stable part of soil organic matter: A review. Agronomy 8:76.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8050076
Grossmann L, Bock C, Schweikert M, Boenigk J, 2016. Small but manifold-hidden diversity in “Spumella‐like flagellates”. J. Eukar. Microbiol. 63:419.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12287
Hatcher K, 2018. Surirella undulata. In: Diatoms of North America. Accessed 16 October 2020. Available from: https://diatoms.org/species/surirella-undulata
Hofmann G, Werum M, Lange-Bertalot H, 2011. [Diatomeen im Süßwasser-Benthos von Mitteleuropa. Bestimmungsflora Kieselalgen für die ökologische Praxis. Über 700 der häufigsten Arten und ihre Ökologie].[Book in German]. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.G. Rugell: 908 pp.
Hoshaw RW, Rosowski JR, 1973. Methods for microscopic algae, p. 53–67. In: Stein JR (ed.), Handbook of phycological methods: Culture methods and growth measurements. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Jahn R, Kusber WH, Cocquyt C, 2017. Differentiating Iconella from Surirella (Bacillariophyceae): Typifying four Ehrenberg names and a preliminary checklist of the African taxa. PhytoKeys 82:73-112.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.82.13542
Jahn R, Abarca N, Kusber WH, Skibbe O, Zimmermann J, Mora D, 2020. Integrative taxonomic description of two new species of the Cocconeis placentula group (Bacillariophyceae) from Korea based on unialgal strains. Algae 35:303-324.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2020.35.8.1
Jungnick N, Ma Y, Mukherjee B, Cronan J, Speed D, Laborde S, Longstreth D, Moroney J, 2014. The carbon concentrating mechanism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Finding the missing pieces. Photosyn. Res. 121:159-173.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-014-0004-x
Kahlert M, Ács É, Almeida SF, Blanco S, Dreßler M, Ector L, Karjalainen SM, Liess A, Mertens A, van der Wal J, Vilbaste S, Werner P, 2016. Quality assurance of diatom counts in Europe: towards harmonized datasets. Hydrobiologia 772:1-14.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2651-8
Kato-Unoki Y, Kurihara A, Kuge T, Shimasaki Y, Suzawa Y, Mayama S, 2022. Genetic evidence for the invasion of Cymbella janischii (A. Schmidt) De Toni, 1891 in Japan. BioInvasions Record 11:409-415.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2022.11.2.14
Kelly M, Bennett C, Coste M, Delgado C, Delmas F, Denys L, Ector L, Fauville C, Ferréol M, Golub M, 2009. A comparison of national approaches to setting ecological status boundaries in phytobenthos assessment for the European Water Framework Directive: results of an intercalibration exercise. Hydrobiologia 621:169-182.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9641-4
Kermarrec L, Franc A, Rimet F, Chaumeil P, Frigerio J. M, Humbert JF, Bouchez A, 2014. A next-generation sequencing approach to river biomonitoring using benthic diatoms. Freshwater Sci. 33:349-363.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/675079
Kezlya E, Glushchenko A, Maltsev Y, Gusev E, Genkal S, Kociolek JP, Kulikovskiy M, 2021. Three new species of Placoneis Mereschkowsky (Bacillariophyceae: Cymbellales) with comments on cryptic diversity in the P. elginensis-Group. Water 13:z3276.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13223276
Kirkwood A, Shea R, Jackson L, McCauley E, 2007. Didymosphenia geminata in two Alberta headwater rivers: an emerging invasive species that challenges conventional views on algal bloom development. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 64:1703-1709.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/f07-152
Krammer K, 1997a. [Die cymbelloiden Diatomeen. Eine Monographie der weltweit bekannten Taxa, Teil 1. Allgemeines und Encyonema part)].[Book in German]. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 36. Cramer, Berlin and Stuttgart: 382 pp.
Krammer K, 1997b. [Die cymbelloiden Diatomeen. Eine Monographie der weltweit bekannten Taxa, Teil 2. Encyonema part., Encyonopsis und Cymbellopsis)].[Book in German]. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 37. Cramer, Berlin and Stuttgart: 469 pp.
Krammer K, 2000. The genus Pinnularia. In: Lange-Bertalot H (ed.), Diatoms of Europe, Vol. 1. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell.
Krammer K, 2002. Cymbella. In: Lange-Bertalot H (ed.), Diatoms of Europe, Vol. 3. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell.
Krammer K, 2003. Cymbopleura, Delicata, Navicymbula, Gophocymbelloides, Afrocymbella. In: Lange-Bertalot H (ed.), Diatoms of Europe, Vol. 4. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell.
Krammer K, Lange-Bertalot H, 1988. [Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa, Bacillariophyceae. 2/2: Bacillariaceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae)].[Book in German]. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg and Berlin: 596 pp.
Krammer K, Lange-Bertalot H, 1991. [Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa, Bacillariophyceae. 2/3: Centrales, Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae)].[Book in German]. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg and Berlin: 576 pp.
Krammer K Lange-Bertalot H, 1997. [Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa, Bacillariophyceae. 2/1: Naviculaceae)].[Book in German]. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg and Berlin: 876 pp.
Krammer K, Lange-Bertalot H, 2004. [Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa, Bacillariophyceae. 2/4: Achnanthaceae (ergänzter Nachdruck)].[Book in German]. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg and Berlin: 437 pp.
Kroth PG, 2015. The biodiversity of carbon assimilation. J. Plant Physiol. 172:76-81.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2014.07.021
Kroth PG, Matsuda Y, 2022. Carbohydrate metabolism, p. 465-492. In: Falciatore A, Mock T (eds.), The molecular life of diatoms. Springer, Cham.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92499-7_17
Kulikovskiy M, Gusev E, Andreeva S, Annenkova N, 2014. Phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Geissleria Lange-Bertalot and Metzeltin and description of two new species from Siberian mountain lakes. Phytotaxa 177:249-260.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.177.5.1
Lange-Bertalot H, 2001. Navicula sensu stricto. 10 Genera Separated from Navicula sensu lato, Frustulia. In: Lange-Bertalot H (ed.), Diatoms of Europe, Vol 2. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell.
Lange-Bertalot H, Metzeltin D, 1996. [Oligotrophie-Indikatoren. 800 Taxa repräsentativ für drei diverse Seen-Typen].[Book in German]. Iconographia Diatomologica Vol. 2. Koeltz Scientific Books, Königstein: 390 pp.
Lange-Bertalot H, Moser G, 1994. [Brachysira. Monographie der Gattung].[Article in German].Bibliotheca Diatomologica 29:1-212.
Lange-Bertalot H, Bak M, Witkowski A, Tagliaventi N, 2011. Eunotia and some related genera. In: Lange-Bertalot H (ed.), Diatoms of Europe Vol. 6. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell.
Lange-Bertalot H, Hofmann G, Werum M, Cantonati M, 2017. Freshwater benthic diatoms of Central Europe: Over 800 common species used in ecological assessment. Koeltz Botanical Books, Schmitten-Oberreifenberg: 942 pp.
Levkov Z, 2009. Amphora sensu lato. In: Lange-Bertalot H (ed.), Diatoms of Europe Vol. 5. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell.
Levkov Z, Lange-Bertalot H, Mitić-Kopanja D, Reichardt E, 2016. The Diatom Genus Gomphonema from the Republic of Macedonia: In: Lange-Bertalot H (ed.), Diatoms of Europe Vol. 8. Koeltz Botanical Books, Oberreifenberg.
Lewin RA, 1959. The isolation of algae. Rev. Algol. 4:181−197.
Mann DG, 1984. An ontogenetic approach to diatom systematics. p. 113-144 In: Cassie, V (ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Diatom Symposium. O. Koeltz, Koenigstein.
Mann DG, 1989. The diatom genus Sellaphora: Separation from Navicula. Br. Phycol. J. 24:1-20.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00071618900650011
Mann DG, 2001. A discussion of Caloneis and related genera. Diatom 17:29-36.
Mann DG, 2010. Discovering diatom species: is a long history of disagreements about species-level taxonomy now at an end? Plant Ecol. Evol. 143:251–264.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2010.405
Mann DG, Chepurnow VA, 2004. What have the Romans ever done for us? The past and future contribution of culture studies to diatom systematics. Nova Hedwigia 79:237−291.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2004/0079-0237
Mann DG, McDonald SM, Bayer M, Droop SJ, Chepurnov VA, Loke RE, Ciobanu A, du Buf JM, 2004. The Sellaphora pupula species complex (Bacillariophyceae): morphometric analysis, ultrastructure and mating data provide evidence for five new species. Phycologia 43:459-482.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-43-4-459.1
Mann DG, Stickle A, 2009. Cytological characteristics of the Sellaphoraceae. Acta Bot. Croat. 68:239-250.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01915.x
Mann DG, Thomas SJ, Evans KM, 2008. Revision of the diatom genus Sellaphora: a first account of the larger species in the British Isles. Fottea 8:15–78.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2008.002
Martin M, Gebühr C, Mártire D, Wiltshire K, 2014. Characterization of a humic acid extracted from marine sediment and its influence on the growth of marine diatoms. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 94:895-906.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414000368
McFadden GI, van Dooren GG, 2004. Evolution: Red algal genome affirms a common origin of all plastids. Curr. Biol. 14:R514-R516.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2004.06.041
Mora D, Abarca N, Proft S, Grau J, Enke N, Carmona J, Skibbe O, Jahn R., Zimmerman J, 2019. Morphology and metabarcoding: a test with stream diatoms from Mexico highlights complementarity of identification methods. Freshwater Sci. 38:448-464.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/704827
Mora D, Stancheva R, Jahn R, 2021. Cocconeis czarneckii sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta): a new diatom species from Lake Okoboji (Iowa, USA), based on the strain UTEX FD23. Phycologia 61:60-74.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2021.2003684
Nakayama T, Inagaki Y, 2017. Genomic divergence within non-photosynthetic cyanobacterial endosymbionts in rhopalodiacean diatoms. Sci. Rep. 7:13075.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13578-8
Nakov T, Ruck E, Galachyants Y, Spaulding S, Theriot E, 2014. Molecular phylogeny of the Cymbellales (Bacillariophyceae, Heterokontophyta) with a comparison of models for accommodating rate variation across sites. Phycologia 53:359-373.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2216/14-002.1
Novais MH, Juettner I, Van de Vijver B, Morais MM, Hoffmann L, Ector L, 2015. Morphological variability within the Achnanthidium minutissimum species complex (Bacillariophyta): comparison between the type material of Achnanthes minutissima and related taxa, and new freshwater Achnanthidium species from Portugal. Phytotaxa 224:101-139.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.2.1
Novis P, Braidwood J, Kilroy C, 2012. Small diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in cultures from the Styx River, New Zealand, including descriptions of three new species. Phytotaxa 64:11-45.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.64.1.3
Perumal P, Prasath BB, Santhanam P, Ananth S, Devi AS, Kumar SD, 2015. Isolation and culture of microalgae. In: Perumal S, Thirunavukkarasu AR, Pachiappan P (eds.), Advances in Marine and Brackishwater Aquaculture. Springer, New Delhi.
Pfitzer E, 1871. [Untersuchungen über Bau und Entwicklung der Bacillariaceen (Diatomaceen)].[Book in German]. Adolph Marcus, Bonn.
Pinseel E, Vanormelingen P, Hamilton PB, Vyverman W, Van de Vijver B, Kopalova K, 2017. Molecular and morphological characterization of the Achnanthidium minutissimum complex (Bacillariophyta) in Petuniabukta (Spitsbergen, High Arctic) including the description of A. digitatum sp. nov. Eur. J. Phycol. 52:264-280.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2017.1283540
Pérez-Burillo J, Valoti G, Witkowski A, Prado P, Mann DG, Trobajo R, 2022. Assessment of marine benthic diatom communities: insights from a combined morphological-metabarcoding approach in Mediterranean shallow coastal waters. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 174:113-183.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113183
Potapova M, 2009. Diatoma moniliformis. In: Diatoms of North America. Accessed 16 October 2020. Available from: https://diatoms.org/species/diatoma_moniliformis
Potapova MG, Ponader KC, 2004. Two common North American diatoms, Achnanthidium rivulare sp. nov. and A. deflexum (Reimer) Kingston: morphology, ecology and comparison with related species. Diatom Res. 19:33-57.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2004.9705606
Potapova M, Hamilton PB, 2007. Morphological and ecological variation within the Achnanthidium minutissimum (Bacillariophyceae) species complex. J. Phycol. 43:561-575.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00332.x
Prakash A, Rashid MA, Jensen A, Subbarao DV, 1973. Influence of humic substances on growth of marine phytoplankton-diatoms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18:516−524.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1973.18.4.0516
Prechtl J, Kneip C, Lockhart P, Wenderoth K, Maier UG, 2004. Intracellular spheroid bodies of Rhopalodia gibba have nitrogen-fixing apparatus of cyanobacterial origin. Mol. Biol. Evol. 21:1477−81.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msh086
Prelle L, Graiff A, Gründling-Pfaff S, Sommer V, Kuriyama K, Karsten U, 2019. Photosynthesis and respiration of Baltic Sea benthic diatoms to changing environmental conditions and growth responses of selected species as affected by an adjacent peatland (Hütelmoor). Front. Microbiol. 10:1500.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01500
Pringsheim EG, 1954. [Algenreinkulturen ihre Herstellung und Erhaltung].[Book in German]. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena: 108 pp.
Reichardt E, 1999. [Zur Revision der Gattung Gomphonema].[Book in German]. Iconographia Diatomologica 8. Ganter Verlag, Rugell: 203 pp.
Reichardt E, 2012. [Neue Diatomeen (Bacillariophyceae) aus dem Gebiet der Stadt Treuchtlingen].[Article in German]. Berichte der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft 82:19-32.
Reichardt E, 2018. [Die Diatomeen im Gebiet der Stadt Treuchtlingen].[Book in German]. Vol. 1 and 2. Selbstverlag der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft, München: 1184 pp.
Ribeiro CG, dos Santos AL, Gourvil P, Le Gall F, Marie D, Tragin M, Probert I, Vaulot D, 2020. Culturable diversity of Arctic phytoplankton during pack ice melting. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 8:6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.401
Rimet F, Ector L, Cauchie HM, Hoffmann L, 2009. Changes in diatom-dominated biofilms during simulated improvements in water quality: implications for diatom-based monitoring in rivers. Eur. J. Phycol. 44:567−577.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09670260903198521
Roberts K, Granum E, Leegood RC, Raven JA, 2007. Carbon acquisition by diatoms. Photosyn. Res. 93:79-88.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-007-9172-2
Round F, Bukhtiyarova L, 1996. Epipsammic diatoms - Communities of British rivers. Diatom Res. 11:363-372.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1996.9705390
Saffron K, Anderson AM, 2009. Review of benthic invertebrates and epilithic algae at long-term monitoring sites in the Bow River. Alberta Environment, Edmonton: 126 pp.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.114028
Sherr EB, Sherr BF, 2002. Significance of predation by protists in aquatic microbial food webs. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 81:293-308.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020591307260
Skibbe O, Zimmermann J, Kusber WH, Abarca N, Buczkó K, Jahn R, 2018. Gomphoneis tegelensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae): a morphological and molecular investigation based on selected single cells. Diatom Res. 33:251-262.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2018.1518835
Smol JP, Stoermer EF, 2010. The diatoms: applications for the environmental and earth sciences. Cambridge University Press.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511763175
Sosiak A, 2002. Longterm response of periphyton and macrophytes to reduced municipal nutrient loading to the Bow River (Alberta, Canada). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59:987−1001.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/f02-071
Stelbrink B, Jovanovska E, Levkov Z, Ognjanova‐Rumenova N, Wilke T, Albrecht C, 2018. Diatoms do radiate: Evidence for a freshwater species flock. J. Evol. Biol. 31:1969-1975.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13368
Stevenson RJ, Bothwell ML, Lowe RL, Thorp JH, 1996. Algal ecology: Freshwater benthic ecosystems. Academic Press, San Diego.
Stevenson RJ, Pan YD, van Dam H, 2010. Assessing environmental conditions in rivers and streams with diatoms, p. 57–85. In: Smol JP, Stoermer EF (eds.), The diatoms. Applications for the environmental and earth sciences. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511763175.005
Taxböck L, Karger DN, Kessler M, Spitale D, Cantonati M, 2020. Diatom species richness in Swiss springs increases with habitat complexity and elevation. Water 12:449.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020449
Trobajo R, Rovira L, Mann DG, Cox EJ, 2011. Effects of salinity on growth and on valve morphology of five estuarine diatoms. Phycol. Res. 59:83-90.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2010.00603.x
Vanormelingen P, Evans K, Chepurnov V, Vyverman W, Mann D, 2013. Molecular species discovery in the diatom Sellaphora and its congruence with mating trials. Fottea 13:133-148.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2013.012
Walne PR, 1970. Studies on the food value of nineteen genera of algae to juvenile bivalves of the genera Ostrea, Crassostrea, Mercenaria and Mytilus. H.M. Stationery Office: 62 pp.
Water Survey of Canada, 2019. Bow River at Calgary station 05BH004. Accessed 17 October 2021. Available from: https://wateroffice.ec.gc.ca/mainmenu/historical_data_index_e.html
Werner P, Adler S, Dreßler M, 2016. Effects of counting variances on water quality assessments: implications from four benthic diatom samples, each counted by 40 diatomists. J. Appl. Phycol. 28:2287-2297.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-015-0760-9
Wetzel CE, Ector L, Van de Vijver B, Compère P, Mann DG, 2015. Morphology, typification and critical analysis of some ecologically important small naviculoid species (Bacillariophyta). Fottea 15:203–234.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2015.020
Wynne MJ, 2019. Delicatophycus gen. nov.: a validation of “Delicata Krammer” inval. Gomphonemataceae, Bacillariophyta. Notulae Algarum 97:1-3.
Zimmermann J, Abarca N, Enke N, Skibbe O, Kusber WH, Jahn R, 2014. Taxonomic reference libraries for environmental barcoding: a best practice example from diatom research. PloS One 9:e108793.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108793
Zimmermann J, Glöckner G, Jahn R, Enke N, Gemeinholzer B, 2015. Metabarcoding vs. morphological identification to assess diatom diversity in environmental studies. Mol. Ecol. Resour. 15:526-542.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12336
Edited by
Francesca Bona, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, ItalySupporting Agencies
Verein der Freunde des Botanischen Gartens und Botanischen Museums Berlin Dahlem e.V. , Federal Ministry of Education and Research (German Barcode of Life 2 Diatoms, GBOL2)How to Cite
Skibbe, Oliver, Nelida Abarca, Francine Forrest, and Petra Werner. 2022. “Exploring Diatom Diversity through Cultures - a Case Study from the Bow River, Canada”. Journal of Limnology 81 (1). https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2022.2095.
Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Similar Articles
- Angela Caro-Borrero, Javier Carmona Jiménez, Marisa Mazari Hiriart, Evaluation of ecological quality in peri-urban rivers in Mexico City: a proposal for identifying and validating reference sites using benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 75 No. s1 (2016): Proceedings of the 6th National Congress of Limnology
- Kathleen R. Laird, Biplob Das, Brittany Hesjedal, Peter R. Leavitt, Graham R. Mushet, Kenneth A. Scott, Gavin L. Simpson, Bjorn Wissel, Jared Wolfe, Brian F. Cumming, Paleolimnological assessment of nutrient enrichment on diatom assemblages in a priori defined nitrogen- and phosphorus-limited lakes downwind of the Athabasca Oil Sands, Canada , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 76 No. 3 (2017)
- Piotr Dabkowski, Paweł Buczynski, Andrzej Zawal, Edyta Stepien, Edyta Buczynska, Robert Stryjecki, Stanislaw Czachorowski, Przemyslaw Smietana, Magdalena Szenejko, The impact of dredging of a small lowland river on water beetle fauna (Coleoptera) , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 75 No. 3 (2016)
- Roberta Minutoli, Antonia Granata, Letterio Guglielmo, Potential use of ecotoxicological biomarkers in Serratella ignita (Ephemeroptera) larvae for Alcantara river (Sicily, Italy) water quality assessment , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 72 No. 2 (2013)
- Vincent Berthon, Aldo Marchetto, Frédéric Rimet, Emmanuelle Dormia, Jean-Philippe Jenny, Cécile Pignol, Marie-Elodie Perga, Trophic history of French sub-alpine lakes over the last ~150 years: phosphorus reconstruction and assessment of taphonomic biases , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 72 No. 3 (2013)
- Zacarias Fresno Lopez, Tommaso Cancellario, Diego Fontaneto, Lyudmila Kamburska, Karimullah Karimullah, Robert L. Wallace, Elizabeth J. Walsh, Radoslav Smolak, A georeferenced dataset for occurrence records of the phylum Rotifera in Africa , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 82 No. s1 (2023): Georeferenced freshwater biodiversity data
- Francesca Salmaso, Silvia Quadroni, Gaetano Gentili, Giuseppe Crosa, Thermal regime of a highly regulated Italian river (Ticino River) and implications for aquatic communities , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 76 No. 1 (2017)
- Maciej Karpowicz, Biodiversity of microcrustaceans (Cladocera, Copepoda) in a lowland river ecosystem , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 76 No. 1 (2017)
- Letícia de Morais, Bárbara de Oliveira Sanches, Gilmar B. Santos, Philip R. Kaufmann, Robert M. Hughes, Joseline Molozzi, Marcos Callisto, Assessment of disturbance at three spatial scales in two large tropical reservoirs , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 76 No. 2 (2017)
- Guojia Huang, Qiuhua Li, Xiaoqing Wang, Mengshu Han, Lei Li, Jing Xiao, Yipeng Liu, Responses of phytoplankton functional groups to environmental factors in the Maixi River, southwest China , Journal of Limnology: Vol. 77 No. 1 (2018)
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
List of Cited By :
